File Browser API
The File Browser API is a supplemental API which can be used to fetch information relating to Files stored in the Moodle File API.
Fetch a series of breadcrumbs to the requested file
This example demonstrates using the filebrowser API to fetch the parent folders of a file.
public function get_file_breadcrumbs(\stored_file $file): ?array {
    $browser = get_file_browser();
    $context = get_system_context();
    $fileinfo = $browser->get_file_info(
        \context::instance_by_id($file->get_contextid()),
        $file->get_component(),
        $file->get_filearea(),
        $file->get_itemid(),
        $file->get_filepath(),
        $file->get_filename()
    )
    if ($fileinfo) {
        // Build a Breadcrumb trail
        $level = $fileinfo->get_parent();
        while ($level) {
            $path[] = [
                'name' => $level->get_visible_name(),
            ];
            $level = $level->get_parent();
        }
        $path = array_reverse($path);
        return $path;
    }
    return null;
}